See lichen on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Английские существительные",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Английский язык",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Инфекционные заболевания/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Лишайники/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Нет сведений о составе слова",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова греческого происхождения/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова из 6 букв/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen. Англ. lichen — с 1601 г., заимств. через лат. Использованы материалы Online Etymology Dictionary Дугласа Харпера. См. Список литературы.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lichen",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lichens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": 1,
"word": "plant"
},
{
"sense_index": 2,
"word": "illness"
}
],
"hyphenation": "li-chen",
"lang": "Английский",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Ближайшее родство",
"прилагательные"
],
"word": "lichened"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Биологические термины/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "John Muir",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
86,
93
]
],
"date": "1915",
"ref": "John Muir, «Travels in Alaska», 1915 г.",
"text": "The nibble marks of the stone adze were still visible, though crusted over with scale lichens in most places.",
"title": "Travels in Alaska"
},
{
"author": "H. G. Wells",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
72
]
],
"date": "1895",
"ref": "H. G. Wells, «The Time Machine», 1895 г.",
"text": "It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.",
"title": "The Time Machine"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-en-noun-TcHg66O3",
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Медицинские термины/en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-en-noun-YcJh6A4A",
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈlaɪkən",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"ipa": "ˈlaɪkənz",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Инфекционные заболевания/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Латинские существительные",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Латинские существительные, 3-е склонение",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Латинский язык",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Лишайники/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Мужской род/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Нет сведений о составе слова",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова греческого происхождения/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова из 6 букв/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "līchēn",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnis",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnum",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnī",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnibus",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnem",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēne",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnibus",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēn",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": "lī-chēn",
"lang": "Латинский",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Биологические термины/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "Плиний Старший",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
],
[
50,
56
]
],
"ref": "Плиний Старший, «Естественная история 26.22; 26.124» (цитата из Oxford Latin Dictionary, изд. OUP, 1968-82)",
"source": "OLD",
"text": "lichen… herba… nascitur in saxis… est aliud genus lichenis pstris totum adhaerens ut muscus",
"title": "Естественная история 26.22; 26.124"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-la-noun-TcHg66O3",
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Медицинские термины/la",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "Плиний Старший",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
16
]
],
"ref": "Плиний Старший, «Естественная история» (цитата из Oxford Latin Dictionary, изд. OUP, 1968-82)",
"source": "OLD",
"text": "lepras, lichenas, lentigenes exulcerat sanatque",
"title": "Естественная история"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-la-noun-YcJh6A4A",
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Инфекционные заболевания/it",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Итальянские существительные",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Итальянский язык",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Нет сведений о составе слова",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Нужна этимология",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова из 6 букв/it",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "От ??",
"hyphenation": "lichen",
"lang": "Итальянский",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Медицинские термины/it",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лихен"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-it-noun-jEIc5GSX",
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Викисловарь:Статьи с межъязыковой омонимией/4",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Инфекционные заболевания/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Лишайники/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Мужской род/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Нет сведений о составе слова",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова греческого происхождения/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Слова из 6 букв/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Французские существительные",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Французский язык",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lichen",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lichens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": "li-chen",
"lang": "Французский",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Биологические термины/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-fr-noun-TcHg66O3",
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Медицинские термины/fr",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"id": "ru-lichen-fr-noun-YcJh6A4A",
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "liˈken",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"ipa": "liˈken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Английские существительные",
"Английский язык",
"Инфекционные заболевания/en",
"Лишайники/en",
"Нет сведений о составе слова",
"Слова греческого происхождения/en",
"Слова из 6 букв/en"
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen. Англ. lichen — с 1601 г., заимств. через лат. Использованы материалы Online Etymology Dictionary Дугласа Харпера. См. Список литературы.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lichen",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lichens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": 1,
"word": "plant"
},
{
"sense_index": 2,
"word": "illness"
}
],
"hyphenation": "li-chen",
"lang": "Английский",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Ближайшее родство",
"прилагательные"
],
"word": "lichened"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Биологические термины/en"
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "John Muir",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
86,
93
]
],
"date": "1915",
"ref": "John Muir, «Travels in Alaska», 1915 г.",
"text": "The nibble marks of the stone adze were still visible, though crusted over with scale lichens in most places.",
"title": "Travels in Alaska"
},
{
"author": "H. G. Wells",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
72
]
],
"date": "1895",
"ref": "H. G. Wells, «The Time Machine», 1895 г.",
"text": "It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.",
"title": "The Time Machine"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Медицинские термины/en"
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈlaɪkən",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"ipa": "ˈlaɪkənz",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Инфекционные заболевания/it",
"Итальянские существительные",
"Итальянский язык",
"Нет сведений о составе слова",
"Нужна этимология",
"Слова из 6 букв/it"
],
"etymology_text": "От ??",
"hyphenation": "lichen",
"lang": "Итальянский",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Медицинские термины/it"
],
"glosses": [
"лихен"
],
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Инфекционные заболевания/la",
"Латинские существительные",
"Латинские существительные, 3-е склонение",
"Латинский язык",
"Лишайники/la",
"Мужской род/la",
"Нет сведений о составе слова",
"Слова греческого происхождения/la",
"Слова из 6 букв/la"
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "līchēn",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnis",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnum",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnī",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnibus",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnem",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēne",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnibus",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēn",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "līchēnēs",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": "lī-chēn",
"lang": "Латинский",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Биологические термины/la"
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "Плиний Старший",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
],
[
50,
56
]
],
"ref": "Плиний Старший, «Естественная история 26.22; 26.124» (цитата из Oxford Latin Dictionary, изд. OUP, 1968-82)",
"source": "OLD",
"text": "lichen… herba… nascitur in saxis… est aliud genus lichenis pstris totum adhaerens ut muscus",
"title": "Естественная история 26.22; 26.124"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Медицинские термины/la"
],
"examples": [
{
"author": "Плиний Старший",
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
16
]
],
"ref": "Плиний Старший, «Естественная история» (цитата из Oxford Latin Dictionary, изд. OUP, 1968-82)",
"source": "OLD",
"text": "lepras, lichenas, lentigenes exulcerat sanatque",
"title": "Естественная история"
}
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lichen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Викисловарь:Статьи с межъязыковой омонимией/4",
"Инфекционные заболевания/fr",
"Лишайники/fr",
"Мужской род/fr",
"Нет сведений о составе слова",
"Слова греческого происхождения/fr",
"Слова из 6 букв/fr",
"Французские существительные",
"Французский язык"
],
"etymology_text": "Происходит от др.-греч. λειχήν «лишай», из λείχω «лизать». В ряде европейских языков слово заимств. через лат. lichen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lichen",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lichens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": "li-chen",
"lang": "Французский",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Биологические термины/fr"
],
"glosses": [
"лишайник"
],
"topics": [
"biology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Медицинские термины/fr"
],
"glosses": [
"лишай"
],
"topics": [
"medicine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "liˈken",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"ipa": "liˈken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lichen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lichen meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the ruwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.